However, consumption of a seed kills the plant before it can grow, making seed consumption an example of predation. Not all predators are animals. Carnivorous plants, such as the Venus fly trap ...
Howler monkey populations are exploding due to a lack of big predators. Lake Guri presents a classic example of a top-down mediated system wherein the removal of top predators initiates a cascade ...
It can occur between species that are predator and prey, competitors, or even between organisms linked by mutually beneficial symbiosis. One well-documented example of an arms race adaptation is ...