In January of 1954, supported by the military, engineers from Bell Labs built the first computer without vacuum tubes. Known as TRADIC (for TRAnsistorized DIgital Computer), the machine was a mere ...

These computers ... first integrated circuit chips commercially available. But before even those transistor-based computers is a retrocomputing era rarely touched on: the era of programmable ...

The first wave of electronics was born a ... promises to bring a "third wave" of electronics. 1900-1950: Vacuum tubes are invented and perfected, resulting in radio, television and room-size computers ...

A computer that used vacuum tubes as switching elements; for example, the UNIVAC I. See computer generations. THIS DEFINITION IS FOR PERSONAL USE ONLY. All other reproduction requires permission.

ENIAC, with its 17,468 vacuum tubes, 70,000 resistors ... the lessons learned from ENIAC helped computer developers improve the next generation, including EDVAC, UNIVAC, and Whirlwind, all ...