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  1. The IBM card

    It was one of the earliest icons of the Information Age: a simple punched card produced by IBM, commonly known as “the IBM card.”
    www.ibm.com/history/punched-card
    www.ibm.com/history/punched-card
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    Punched card - Wikipedia

    Many early digital computers used punched cards as the primary medium for input of both computer programs and data. Data can be entered onto a punched card using a keypunch. While punched cards are now obsolete as a storage medium, as of 2012, some voting machines still used punched cards to record votes. [5] 展开

    A punched card (also punch card or punched-card ) is a piece of card stock that stores digital data using punched holes. Punched cards were once common in data processing and the control of automated machines. 展开

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    The Hollerith punched cards used for the 1890 U.S. census were blank. Following that, cards commonly had printing such that the row and column position of a hole could be easily seen. … 展开

    While punched cards have not been widely used for generations, the impact was so great for most of the 20th century that they still appear from … 展开

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    The idea of control and data storage via punched holes was developed independently on several occasions in the modern period. In most cases there is no evidence that each of the … 展开

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    The terms punched card, punch card, and punchcard were all commonly used, as were IBM card and Hollerith card (after Herman Hollerith). … 展开

    IBM's Fred M. Carroll developed a series of rotary presses that were used to produce punched cards, including a 1921 model that operated at 460 cards per minute (cpm). In 1936 he … 展开

    • ANSI INCITS 21-1967 (R2002), Rectangular Holes in Twelve-Row Punched Cards (formerly ANSI X3.21-1967 (R1997)) Specifies … 展开

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  4. Computer programming in the punched card era - Wikipedia

  5. Vacuum-tube computer - Wikipedia

    A vacuum-tube computer, now termed a first-generation computer, is a computer that uses vacuum tubes for logic circuitry. While the history of mechanical aids to computation goes back centuries , if not millennia , the …

  6. The punched card - IBM

    It was one of the earliest icons of the Information Age: a simple punched card produced by IBM, commonly known as “the IBM card.” The card itself was unassuming, a thin piece of stiff cardboard measuring 7⅜ inches by 3¼ …

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  7. Punch Cards for Data Processing - National Museum of American …

  8. What is a Punch Card? - Computer Hope

    2024年3月10日 · Punch cards (or "punched cards"), also known as Hollerith cards or IBM cards, are paper cards where holes may be punched by hand or machine to represent computer data and instructions. They were a widely …

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  9. First Generation Of Computer - GeeksforGeeks

  10. Herman Hollerith, the Inventor of Computer Punch …

    2019年3月27日 · Hollerith invented and used a punched card device to help analyze the 1890 U.S. census data. His great breakthrough was his use of electricity to read, count and sort punched cards whose holes represented …

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  11. IBM Punch Cards - Columbia University

    Programs and data were punched by hand on a key punch machine such as the IBM 026 and fed into a card reader like the IBM 2501. Large computing sites such as Columbia University purchased cards by the truckload and furnished …

  12. Shaping a Technology: American Punched Card Systems 1880-1914

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