Metaphysics | Definition, Problems, Theories, History, & Criticism ...
4 天之前 · Metaphysics, branch of philosophy whose topics in antiquity and the Middle Ages were the first causes of things and the nature of being. Later, many other topics came to be included …
Concept, problems, and theories of metaphysics | Britannica
metaphysics, Branch of philosophy that studies the ultimate structure and constitution of reality—i.e., of that which is real, insofar as it is real. The term, which means literally “what …
Ontology | Definition, History & Examples | Britannica
Ontology, the philosophical study of being in general, or of what applies neutrally to everything that is real. It was called “first philosophy” by Aristotle in Book IV of his Metaphysics. The Latin …
Metaphysics - Ontology, Epistemology, Cosmology | Britannica
4 天之前 · Metaphysics - Ontology, Epistemology, Cosmology: The object in what follows will be to present in outline metaphysical systems that have exercised, and indeed continue to …
Metaphysics - Problems in metaphysics | Britannica
Metaphysics - Problems in metaphysics: Although sensations (i.e., the conscious experiences that result from stimulation of the sense organs) are mental events, they seem to most people to …
Physics and metaphysics of Aristotle - Encyclopedia Britannica
Aristotle - Physics, Metaphysics, Logic: Aristotle divided the theoretical sciences into three groups: physics, mathematics, and theology. Physics as he understood it was equivalent to what …
Epistemology | Definition, History, Types, Examples, Philosophers ...
2024年10月30日 · Epistemology, the philosophical study of the nature, origin, and limits of human knowledge. The term is derived from the Greek episteme (“knowledge”) and logos (“reason”). …
ontology summary | Britannica
In the 18th century Christian Wolff contrasted ontology, or general metaphysics, with special metaphysical theories of souls, bodies, or God, claiming that ontology could be a deductive …
Metaphysics and number theory - Encyclopedia Britannica
Pythagoreanism - Metaphysics, Number Theory, Philosophy: According to Aristotle, number speculation is the most characteristic feature of Pythagoreanism. Things “are” number, or …
Metaphysics - Cartesianism | Britannica
4 天之前 · Metaphysical knowledge is knowledge of certain a priori structures that are somehow inherent in the human mind—or perhaps in the mind of any finite rational being.