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  1. History of study

    Early scientific study of the sense of smell includes the extensive doctoral dissertation of Eleanor Gamble, … 展开

    Sense of smell - Wikipedia

    • The sense of smell, or olfaction, is the special sense through which smells (or odors) are perceived. The sense of smell has many functions, including detecting desirable foods, hazards, and pheromones, and plays a role in taste. In humans, it occurs when an odor binds to a receptor within the nasal cavity, transmitting a signal through the olfactory system. Glomeruli aggreg… 展开

    Function

    Flavor perception is an aggregation of auditory, taste, haptic, and smell sensory information. Retronasal smell plays the biggest role in the sensation of flavor. During the process of mastication, the tongue manipula… 展开

    Genetics

    Different people smell different odors, and most of these differences are caused by genetic differences. Although odorant receptor genes make up one of the largest gene families in the human genome, only a handful of gene… 展开

    Variability amongst vertebrates

    The importance and sensitivity of smell varies among different organisms; most mammals have a good sense of smell, whereas most birds do not, except the tubenoses (e.g., petrels and albatrosses), certain species o… 展开

    Physiological basis in vertebrates

    In humans and other vertebrates, smells are sensed by olfactory sensory neurons in the olfactory epithelium. The olfactory epithelium is made up of at least six morphologically and biochemically different cell types. The p… 展开

    In insects

    Insect olfaction refers to the function of chemical receptors that enable insects to detect and identify volatile compounds for foraging, predator avoidance, finding mating partners (via pheromones) and locating oviposition habitats. … 展开

    In plants

    The tendrils of plants are especially sensitive to airborne volatile organic compounds. Parasites such as dodder make use of this in locating their preferred hosts and locking on to them. The emission of volatile compoun… 展开

     
  1. There is a main olfactory system, which detects volatile, airborne substances. There is secondary, or accessory, system. The accessory olfactory system senses fluid-based stimuli. Behavioral evidence indicates that most often, the stimuli detected by the accessory olfactory system are pheromones.
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